LIPI PRESS

Kajian Standarisasi Pengujian, Monitoring, dan Evaluasi Konversi BBM ke BBG untuk Kendaraan

admin — Tue, 01 May 2012 04:11:45 +0000

Subsidi pemerintah yang besar untuk bahan bakar minyak (BBM) dan pemanasan global yang terjadi telah mengundang perhatian yang cukup besar dari berbagai pihak. Meningkatnya pemakaian kendaraan dari tahun ke tahun juga memberikan efek pada peningkatan penggunaan BBM sehingga bangsa ini yang awalnya negara pengekspor berbalik arah menjadi negara pengimpor minyak. Pada tahun 2010 alokasi BBM bersubsidi di APBN-P sebesar 36,5 juta kiloliter yang diperkirakan membengkakmenjadi 38,5 juta kiloliter. Selain masalah sumber energi dan subsidi, ada juga permasalahan pencemaran lingkungan dari hasil pembakaran BBM pada kendaraan seperti gas CO2, PM1o dan PB.

Salah satu langkah nyata yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan konversi kendaraan dari bahan bakar minyak (BBM) ke bahan bakar gas (BBG). Bahan bakar gas yang digunakan yaitu jenis compressed natural gas (CNG). CNG dipilih sebagai bahan bakar alternatif karena cadangannya di Indonesia masih cukup besar, tidak perlu impor dan tidak bersubsidi, dan jaringan pipanya pun sudah ada di utara pulau Jawa dan sudah saling terhubung.

Penulis : Hendri Maja Saputra, Agus Hartanto, Ridwan Arief Subekti, Vita Susanti
Editor : Estiko Rijanto, Abdul Hapid
ISBN : 978-979-799-691-8
No. Klasifikasi : 389.6
Subyek Klasifikasi : 1. Standardisasi. 2. Pengujian. 3. Monitoring dan Evaluasi. 4. Konversi BBM ke BBG
Kolasi : xii+101hlm; 14,5×20,5cm
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

Flora Cagar Alam Gunung Tukung Gede Serang-Banten

admin — Tue, 01 May 2012 03:58:46 +0000

Kawasan hutan gunung tukung gede ditetapkan sebagaicagar alam berdasarkan SK Menteri Pertanian No. 395/Kpts/Um/1979 tanggal 23 Juni 1979 seluas 1700 ha. Secara administrasikawasan ini termasuk kedalam 4 wilayah kecamatan, kecamatan Pabuaran, Mancak, Anyer, dan Cinangka, Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten. Topografi kawasan ini umumnya berupa lereng dengan ketinggian 125-750 mdpl. Cagar alam gunung tukung gede (CAGTG) merupakan tipe hutan pegunungan yang terbagi dalam 2 macam, yaitu hutan alam dan hutan tanaman, selain itu juga merupakan kawasan konservasi yang diduga memiliki potensi keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Informasi di kawasan tersebut tentang keanekaragaman floranya masih sangat sedikit diketahui. Dengan terjadinya pengurasan dan penyusutan sumber daya keanekaragaman hayati untuk perdagangan ilegal, konversi habitat alami, tekanan penduduk dan kemiskinan, tidak adanya eksplorasi yang intensif yang bertujuan untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan keanekaragaman hayati dan potensinya, maka dikhawatirkan tumbuhan liar yang berpotensi sebagai sumber obat-obatan serta koleksi plasma nutfah yang bersumber bagi pemuliaan tanaman akan punah sebelum dilakukan pendataan di kawasan tersebut.

Berdasarkan pendataan flora dari tahun 2009-2010, menunjukkan sebanyak 420 jenis flora berhasil terdata dari kawasan CAGTG. 23 jenis di antaranya merupakan rekaman baru untuk Jawa. Pendataan flora dilakukan di desa Cikedung dan Cikolelet (CAGTG Barat) dan Luwuk (CAGTG Timur). Jenis-jenis floranya dapat berupa pohon, perdu, terna, paku-pakuan, tumbuhan merambat, merayap ataupun anggrek. Data ini disajikan dalam bentuk gambar disertai keterangan, meliputi nama ilmiah, nama sinonim (kalau ada), nama suku/famili, nama daerah/lokal, pertelaan singkat, persebaran di Jawa maupun keterdapatannya di CAGTG, identitas kolektor dan nomornya, serta informasi yang menunjukkan jenisnya merupakan rekaman baru untuk Jawa. Selain itu, penyajian ini juga dalam bentuk alfabetik berdasarkan jenis maupun famili/suku.

Penulis : Tutie Djarwaningsih, A Supriatna, M AMir
Editor : Tutie Djarwaningsih
ISBN : 978-979-799-652-9
No. Klasifikasi : 745.92
Subyek Klasifikasi : 1. Flora. 2. Gunung Tukung Gede
Kolasi : v+193hlm; 18,5×24,5cm
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

EKONOMI dan PEMBANGUNAN, Vol XIX (1), 2011

admin — Mon, 09 Apr 2012 07:48:11 +0000

Penulis	Artikel	Abstrak
Eddy MT. Sianturi dan Nafsiah	SRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PERBATASAN WILAYAH PERBATASAN NKRI	Indonesian border area is very important, particularly for security, economic, and politic. This border area is the responsibility of all people, and all levels of government, not just the monopoly of the central government, but also local government.Thus, there should be changes to the point of view that their thinking should be changed, because borders are not the backyard, but the foremost display. In addition, Indonesia is also facing some territorial border problems i.e. the poor management of development borderland, which to date has not been optimal. This internal problem and the possibility of neighbour countries claiming part of Indonesian territory have increasingly turned this issue into a priority for the Indonesian government. However, the government has not yet taken border issues seriously as its main concern and has not either see the necessity to maintain its territorial integrity and souvereignty as a united nation-state in this globalization era. It is due to the 2003 Indonesian Defense White Paper in which Indonesia is having a number of border problems with 10 (ten) neighboring states. Among the problems are with Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam, India, Thailand, Timor Leste and the Republic of Palau. A number of these border problems could have adverse consequences for various aspects of the national security, including the military, political, economic and social aspects.
Endang Tjitroresmi	PEREKONOMIAN DAERAH PERBATASAN: Potensi Ekonomi dan Perdagangan Lintas Batas NTT - Timor Leste	The border area has strategic potential in international trade, but these economic and human resource potencies –especially in the area between Belu, East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur/NTT) and Timor Leste–are not yet exploited. Whereas, the opportunities to increase society income through cross-border trade and the synergic amongst farm-crops, livestock, fisheries, and the processing industri are still wide open. This study focuses on the role of Kabupaten Belu in the NTT’s economy and in supporting the cross-border trade with Timor Leste. Data used in this study obtained from the 2005 research study and various publications related. This study found that the role of Kabupaten Belu in NTT’s economy is very important and improving continuously. The inter-island trade dominated by raw material-agricultural products are expected to be processed into finished or semi-finished goods in the future, so thus, the value added in the absorption of employment and incomes will be greater. Meanwhile, as for the manufacturing goods that not produced in Belu or NTT should be marketed to Timor Leste through NTT.
Aris Munandar	MEMAHAMI IDENTITAS SOSIAL KOMUNITAS LOKAL DI DAERAH PERBATASAN INDONESIA–MALAYSIA	To date, policy of managing border areas is oriented more towards the political interest of the government without taking much into consideration the socio-cultural reality prevailing in the society surrounding the border area. Social interaction discernible in the forms of migration, trade, and ancestry relation crossing the state border line is considered as a threat to the state sovereignty. As such, people in the border area are labeled as trespasser and suffer from lack of nationalism. It is important to comprehend the socio-cultural reality of local community in the border area and their perception on nationalistic values. This effort is aimed at avoiding stigma as “border trespasser” and a-nationalist labeled to the community in the border area. A part from that, it is also aimed at formulating accommodative and compromise policy approach in managing the affairs of border area.
Robert Siburian	IKATAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT LINTAS BATAS sebagAi MODAL SOSIAL PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH PERBATASAN DI KABUPATEN BELU	Post-referendum in East Timor which was won by an independent group, Indonesia adds another new state boundaries are located in Belu district. Although the geography of the country between West and East Timor is different but there are found many similarities in the form of cultural values , and follow common sense knowledge in both these border communities that they came from the same ancestry. Indonesia’s border regions under Soeharto’s Era used only for defense purposes thus the goal of development that has been done certainly goal-oriented defense, and at the same time there community welfare development to be ignored. However, with advances teknology nowadays, especially in the field of military technology makes the orientation of defense simply become irrelevant. Orientation welfare is a key to build community in the border area. The similarity of the various elements such as culture, values , and kindship ties in the border region between Indonesia and Timor Leste became the capital to develop the interaction and relationship between them. With many similarities, I would like to explain first, how are the cultural relations between the people of Timor Leste and Indonesia in the border region? Second, how are the conditions in the border area today. Third, how Indonesia can take a chance with the formation of this new frontier areas to develop the border region itself and the people who live there?
Erlita Tantri	PERANANAN PERBATASAN DI LAUT CINA SELATAN TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI CINA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP ASPEK SOSIAL (MODAL SOSIAL DAN KELAS MENENGAH)	Rapidly Chinese development and modernization has surprised the world. In the last two decades, China has proved as the center of the world in term of economic development. Before economic reform 1978, China was a poor country with many social, economic, and political problems. However, the conditions changed after the Open Door Policy applied by Deng Xiaoping, Mao Zedong’s successor (1976). Through Open Door Policy, China was opened to foreign direct investment by its first places in the South China, such as Shenzen, Shantou, and Zhuhai at Guangdong Province, & Xiamen at Fujian Province. These places were chose because of their potential factors, such as they are on the border area with potential zones such as Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan with great Chinese overseas numbers in the world, besides these regions have potential harbor for international trade. This first step has brought China as an economic power nowadays. This policy also encouraged the strengthening of Chinese social capital (quanxi and xing, connection and trust) and forming of Chinese middle class as a sign of Chinese prosperous.
Agus Syarip Hidayat	PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN DAN INFRASTRUKTUR EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI WILAYAH PERBATASAN: STUDI KASUS BATAM, BINTAN, DAN KARIMUN (BBK)	This study discusses the role of institutions and economic infrastructures on the development of the coastal community in BBK, the border area between Indonesia and Singapore. There are two institutions affecting the fishermen communities directly and frequently, which are fishermen groups and fishermen cooperatives. Groups of fishermen can be regarded as a representation of the informal institution, while fishermen cooperative is the formal institutional representation. Government policies especially PEMP (Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir) programme has positively contributed to the strengthening of formal and informal institutions in the fishermen communities. However, government programs have not seen adequately in an effort to improve and increase the quantity and quality of economic infrastructures in the coastal areas, such as fish auction place (TPI), Solar Package Diesel for Fishermen (SPDN) etc. Empowering CSR with various models is an alternative way to develop coastal area communities.
Ernany Dwi Astuty	dinamika perkembangan ekonomi DAN IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN INVESTASI di KABUPATEN TANGERANG SEBAGAI WILAYAH PENYANGGA PUSAT PERTUMBUHAN DKI JAKARTA	Studi ini menganalisis dinamika perkembangan ekonomi dan implementasi kebijakan investasi di Kabupaten Tangerang. Sebagai kawasan penyangga DKI Jakarta kegiatan ekonomi dan bisnis di Kabupaten Tangerang mengalami pertumbuhan yang cukup pesat. Besarnya investasi yang terserap di Kabupaten Tangerang sekitar 30–40% dari total investasi yang ada di Provinsi Banten. Namun demikian, adanya berbagai tumpang tindih peraturan perpajakan dan retribusi daerah, perizinan yang lambat, dan belum optimalnya pelayanan perizinan investasi menjadi penghambat kegiatan bisnis dan investasi di Kabupaten Tangerang. Perlu pembenahan terhadap kelembagaan investasi, terutama birokrasi yang bertugas pada pelayanan perizinan agar secepatnya tanggap atau proaktif terhadap pemohon. Sumber daya manusia yang bekerja di Badan Pelayanan Perizinan Terpadu (BP2T) seharusnya mempunyai kualifikasi yang mumpuni agar tidak perlu lagi menghubungi instansi teknis.
Rachmini Saparita	MODEL IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI DALAM MENGELOLA SUMBER DAYA ALAM DI WILAYAH PERBATASAN MALINAU DENGAN PENDEKATAN SYSTEM DYNAMICS	A study on technologies implementation model of natural resource management in Malinau Distric –East Kalimantan Province was figured out using system dynamics approach. The objective of the study was to evaluate technology implementation which was carried out by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (IIS) between 2008 and 2011 in Malinau. The result showed that training and technical assistance was the models of technology implementation of IIS’s program in Malinau. In maintaining the program of technology implementation, training of trainer (TOT) of Local Government should be carried out.

Penulis : Eddy MT Sianturi, Nafsiah, Endang Tjitroresmi, Aris Munandar, Robert Siburian, Erlita Tantri, Agus Syarif Hidayat, Ernany Dwi Astuty, Rachmini Saparita, Akmadi Abbas

Dewan redaksi : Darwin, Thee Kian We, Mustafa Edwin Nasution, Tulus Tambunan, Sudarno Sumarto, Wijaya Adi, Sukarna Wiranta, Hari Susanto, Mahmud Thoha, Syarif Hidayat, Mutiara Sinaga, Lyra Vellaniza Ferbita, Sarwintyas Prahastuti, Susilo Hariyanti, Dwi Untari, Sunardi, Nurokhman Wijokongko, Prapti Sasiwi
ISSN : 0854-526X
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

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MRI, Marine Research in Indonesia, Vol. 35 No. 2, 2010

admin — Mon, 09 Apr 2012 07:13:32 +0000

Penulis	Artikel	Abstrak
Wawan Kiswara, Erlangga Dwi Kumoro, Mujizat Kawaroe, Nana P. Rahadian	TRANSPLANTING ENHALUS ACOROIDES (L.F) ROYLE WITH DIFFERENT LENGTH OF RHIZOME ON THE MUDDY SUBSTRATE AND HIGH WATER DYNAMIC AT BANTEN BAY, INDONESIA	This study is a part of transplanting Enhalus acoroides carried out from November 2006 to February 2007 as a compensation of 1.6 ha loss of seagrass beds at Bojonegara, which was facilitated by NGO Rekonvasi Bhumi and funded by oil drilling company, PT Apexindo. The transplanting site was located at Terate, Banten Bay which has muddy substrate with high water dynamic. Healthy transplant seedlings were collected from monospecific vegetation with muddy substrate of donor site at Kepuh. The seedlings of Enhalus have different length of rhizome, 5 and 10 cm, with leaf length of 60 cm and removed roots. Transplanting of Enhalus acoroides was conducted using single shoot seedlings with 9 seedlings per unit in 1 meter square with 5 replicates. Light coefficient (1.17–5.06) and percentage of silt and clay (86.45 ± 2.18 %) at transplant site Terate were both higher than the donor site Kepuh with light coefficient values of 1.21–2.46 and percentage of silt and clay 64.00 ± 5.57 %, respectively. Seedling growth survival of Enhalus acoroides in February 2007 with rhizome length of 10 cm was higher (51.11 ± 25.58%) than seedlings with rhizome length of 5 cm (17.78 ± 18.59%). Leaf length and wide Enhalus acoroides transplants decreased during the study. Water dynamic (waves) influenced light coefficient and turbidity at the transplant site. Field observations showed that mortality of Enhalus acoroides transplants was caused by mud smoothering the leaves and barnacle growing on them. They made the leaves lost their buoyancy, laid on the surface, rotten and finally died. Wave is one of the important physical factor affecting the transplanting seagrass on the muddy substrate.
Suhartati M. Natsir	THE DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN DAMAR AND JUKUNG ISLAND, SERIBU ISLANDS	Seribu Islands are archipelago within Jakarta Bay built upon the pleistocene coral formation of the Sunda Shelf. The islands are characterized by unique and high biodiversity such as coral reefs. Since coral reef degradation would lead to a decrease of human prosperity, the determination of the coral reef quality is of high importance. Foraminifera offers an early warning system for the coral reef condition, as exemplified by the FORAM Index, i.e. Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring Index. This study compared the foraminiferal community structure and the FORAM Index of two islands between Damar Besar and Jukung. Both islands were dominated by symbiont-bearing foraminifera of the genera Amphistegina, Calcarina, Heterostegina, Marginophora, and Operculina. However, the number of benthic foraminifera at Jukung Island was higher than that at Damar Besar Island, having 17 individuals per species on average. Jukung Island was a conducive site to reef growth, as indicated by FORAM Index (between 6,48 and 6,57), and Damar Besar Island was liable to environmental change.
Dwi Eny Djoko Setyono and Indra Aswandy	ONGROWING TECHNIQUES FOR JUVENILE DONKEY EAR ABALONE (HALIO TIS ASININA) AT PEMENANG WATERS, NORTH LOMBOK, INDONESIA	Abalone is one of the most prized sea delicacies in the world. In Indonesia, although donkey ear abalone (Haliotis asinina) forms a valuable fishery, little is known about its culture techniques. A study has been conducted to find out the most suitable technique for ongrowing donkey ear abalone, for to the local farmer in Indonesia. Juveniles used in study were collected from the southern Lombok coastal waters. They were reared in different type of structure (CNC = circular net cage and TNC = tyre net cage) and set at different depths. Juveniles were fed ad-libitum by macroalgae, Gracilaria spp. Results of the study showed that juveniles of donkey ear abalone have a better growth when cultured offshore in a TNC than in CNC. To gain a better growth, juveniles abalone need to be reared in cages which provided more shelter and less light. Donkey ear abalone was considered a hardy species, survival rate was not influenced by the type of structure (CNC or TNC) and setting position (depths).
Pradina Purwati, Retno Hartati dan Widianingsih	EIGHTEEN SEA CUCUMBER SPECIES FISHED IN KARIMUNJAWA ISLANDS, JAVA SEA	Indonesia has been supplying the highest diversity of dried sea cucumbers (trepang) to world markets for decades even though species validation on the trepang from any producing areas throughout the country is still needed. Karimunjawa (Islands off north coast of Java) is one of trepang habitats. Several visits from May to November 2009 had been made to collect trepang from the fishers and collectors in that area. Eighteen aspidochirote species were identified, more varied than those reported in 1988 and 1992 although 7 species have no longer been found. Three species among those: Actinopyga banwarthi, Bohadschia subrubra, and Holothuria fuscocinerea have never been reported in Indonesia before, neither on the list of commercial sea cucumbers in Asia nor world trade provided by Choo (2008) and Toral-Grande (2007). These species composition shifts may indicate a threat to species diversity, starting with excessive removal of natural stock. Up to now, 28 species of trepang have been recognized from Karimunjawa waters.
Dwi Hindarti, Rachma Puspitasari, and Zainal Arifin	A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE RESPONSE OF AMPHIPOD GRANDIDIERELLA SP. TO CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT OF JAKARTA BAY	A preliminary study on the response of amphipod exposed to contaminated sediments of Jakarta Bay was carried out in October 2009. The objective of the study was to determine the mortality rate of amphipod in response to exposure of contaminated sediments. Seven sediment samples were taken from the bay, i.e, reference site (St. A), and six-contaminated sites (St. B3, B5, C3, C5, D3, and D5). Amphipod (Grandidierella sp.) was collected from reference site. The study showed that average of mortality rate of amphipod ranged between 50.0 and 76.3% at contaminated sediments and 38.3% at reference sediments. There was significant difference on mortality rate of amphipod exposed to sediments of reference site and that of contaminated sites. The mortality of Grandidierella sp. was not strongly correlated with the concentration of Pb and Cu in contaminated sediments. The critical mortality factor of amphipod in this study might be due to variation in grain size of sediments and short period of acclimatization.
Barbara Grace Hutubessy and Augy Syahailatua	PERMORMANCE OF GILNET-MESH SIZE SELECTIVITY FOR THREE FLYINGFISH SPECIES IN AMBON WATERS, MOLUCCAS PROVINCE	The gillnets’ performance for capturing flying fish was obtained from the selectivity parameters of each mesh size. Gillnet selectivity parameters for flying fish were estimated using multi-panel drift gillnets with four different mesh sizes in southern Ambon Island. The black-spot flying fish Cheilopogon suttoni reached peak selectivity at 20.34 cm for mesh size of 1.25”, 24.37 cm (1.5”) and 28.47 cm (1.75”). Peak selectivity occurred at 22.16 cm for the 1,25” mesh size in the yellow-spot flying fish Cheilopogon abei, with the maximum size selectivity at 31.61cm for the 1.75” mesh. The optimum size for the black-plain flying fish Hirundichthys oxycephalus was 18.67 cm for the 1.25” mesh size, and 22.37 cm for 1.50” mesh size. Selectivity was highest at 26.12 cm for the 1.75” mesh size. Gillnet used in this study was constructed specifically for targeting flying fish suggesting that information on mesh selectivity examined here should has direct applicability to local flying fish fishery.

Penulis : Wawan Kiswara, Erlangga Dwi Kummoro, Mujizat Kawaroe, Nana P Rahadian, Suhartati M Natsir, Dwi Eny Djoko Setyono, Indra Aswandy, Pradina Purwati, Retno Hartati, Widianingsih, Dwi Hindarti, Rachma Puspitasari, Zainal Arifin, Barbara Grace Hutubessy, Augy Syahailatua

Dewan redaksi : Zainal Arifin, Anukul Buranapratheprat, Antonius Suwanto, Augy Syahailatua, Lim Poo Teen, Mulyadi, Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria, Sam Wouthuyzen, Steven JR Compton, Wahjoe Soeprihantoro, Jenny Giles, Sarwendah Puspita Dewi, M Furqon Azis Ismail, Pradina Purwati, Rahmadani Ningsih Maha, Hendra Freddy Silaholo, Rahmat, Sarwintyas Prahastuti, Prapti Sasiwi, Rahma Hilma Taslima, Junaedi Mulawardana
ISSN : 0079-0435
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

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Pengumuman terbaru

admin — Sun, 18 Mar 2012 02:30:48 +0000

Call for Paper Edisi Khusus Jurnal Teknologi Indonesia 2012

Pada tahun 2012 Jurnal Teknologi Indonesia akan menerbitkan Edisi KhususSpecial Issue tentang Materials Sciences and Technology.

Terbitan khusus tersebut mencakup semua penelitian dibidang material mulai dari Biomaterial, Mineral, Logam dan Paduan logam, komposit dan lain-lain. PEnulis diminta membuat tulisan dalam bahasa Inggris dengan mengikuti aturan penulisan Jurnal Teknologi Indonesia.

Penerbitan direncanakan pada bulan Agustus 2012. Artikel diterima paling lambat akhir bulan Mei 2012 dengan mengirimkan softcopy ke alamat dewan redaksi sembiring_t@yahoo.com. Semua komunikasi akan dilakukan melalui email. Pemeriksaan artikel dilakukan dengan cara double refree (diperiksa oleh dua orang refree) sebagaimana layaknya artikel yang masuk ke Jurnal Teknologi Indonesia.

WIDYARISET, Edisi IPT dan IPA, Volume 13 Nomor 2, 2010

admin — Wed, 29 Feb 2012 07:58:26 +0000

Penulis	Artikel	Abstrak
Agustinus Joko Nugroho	AKTINOMISETES KHITINOLITIK DAN PROTEOLITIK SEBAGAI AGEN PENGENDALIAN HAYATI NEMATODA SISTA KUNING (Globodera rostochiensis)	Golden cyst nematode (GCN/ Globodera rostochiensis) is a new potato parasitic nematodes found in Indonesia since 2003 and caused great economic losses more than 70% of the production. Due to the problem caused by chemically control (resistancy, killed non target organisms, and environment pollution) development of alternative control measures is a great importance i.g. microbial control. The purpose of this research was to find chitinolytic and proteolytic actinomycetes for controling eggshell nematode which bears vitelin (protein) and chitin. The result found 21 actinomycetes isolates with ratio chitinolytic and proteolytic activities more than 3.0 and among of seven isolates were chitinolytic, 11 isolates were proteolytic and three isolates had double enzyme activities. Seven selected isolates were examined on their chitinase and protease specific activities and ability to degrade nematode eggs, the results showed three isolates had chitinase activity more than 200 IU/mg, four isolates had protease activity more than 300 IU/mg. Results of the bioassay test using crude enzyme on the GCN eggs found that three isolates were able to damage eggs more than 90%. The three isolates can be applied as an agent for biocontrol of GCN in the future.
Ening Wiedosari	STUDI KOMPARATIF RESISTENSI ANTARA SAPI BALI DAN MADURA TERHADAP INFEKSI Fasciola gigantica	Designing of future approaches for the control of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle requires an understanding of the host-parasite relationships. This study was therefore undertaken to compare the susceptibility to infection with F. gigantica between Bali and Madura cattle. Seven Bali and 7 Madura cattle were infected orally with 15 metacercariae of F. gigantica twice weekly for 32 weeks. Similar observations were made on four Bali and 4 Madura cattle maintained fluke-free as controls. The study shows that there was a trend of a lower fluke burden and faecal egg counts Madura cattle than in Bali cattle. The packed cell volume (PCV) values was significantly higher in infected Madura than in Bali cattle (P<0,05). The increased of eosinophil cell response and the antibody isotypes imunoglobulin (Ig)G1 in Madura cattle were significantly higher than in Bali cattle (P<0,05). These varying responses represent differences in host-parasite relationships between Bali and Madura cattle and may be linked to the observed varying levels of resistance to F. gigantica infection between these host
Harmi Andrianyta, I Wayan Budiastra	EFEKTIVITAS METODE NONDESTRUKTIF NIR-JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN DALAM MENENTUKAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA JAGUNG	High maize production should be followed by good handling and preservation up to consumer. Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) was nondestructive testing method, as well as high accuracy, free from pollution, and rapid method, therefore suggested as a testing method. The objective of this study was asses of NIR technology efectivity in determining four major compositions of maize. Fifty samples of maize (intact seeds) were scanned from 900-2000 nm NIR wavelength, interval 5 nm. Calibration model for NIR measurement using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique three layers. As input layer ANN are 5, 10 and 15 nodes principal component (PC), hidden layer 4,6, 8, 10 and 12 nodes and output layer are single chemical composition and simultaneously. Prediction of an external validation set showed low the SEP (standard error of prediction) and CV (coeficient of variability). As result NIR technology able to prediction maize chemical composition accurately SEP ranged from 0.004-0.496, CV ranged from 0.047 – 0.518. ANN with 5 nodes input layer and single output layer were very strong recommended to generate NIR calibration model.
High maize production should be followed by good handling and preservation up to consumer. Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) was nondestructive testing method, as well as high accuracy, free from pollution, and rapid method, therefore suggested as a testing method. The objective of this study was asses of NIR technology efectivity in determining four major compositions of maize. Fifty samples of maize (intact seeds) were scanned from 900-2000 nm NIR wavelength, interval 5 nm. Calibration model for NIR measurement using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique three layers. As input layer ANN are 5, 10 and 15 nodes principal component (PC), hidden layer 4,6, 8, 10 and 12 nodes and output layer are single chemical composition and simultaneously. Prediction of an external validation set showed low the SEP (standard error of prediction) and CV (coeficient of variability). As result NIR technology able to prediction maize chemical composition accurately SEP ranged from 0.004-0.496, CV ranged from 0.047 – 0.518. ANN with 5 nodes input layer and single output layer were very strong recommended to generate NIR calibration model.	INDUKSI TANAMAN CENDANA (SANTALUM ALBUM L.) TRIPLOID MELALUI KULTUR ENDOSPERMA SECARA IN VITRO	Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is an over exploitation that cause the population decreases drastically. An experiment was carried out to get triploid plant by using young seed culture. Young seeds of sandalwood were peeled and grew on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) media formulation with or without addition hormones of α-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) or kinetin.(K). The young seed did not form shoot but its endosperm formed callus. The endosperm produced callus 26.67% on media with addition of BA 1 mg/l but not on media without any addition of hormone. The best callus production was on media with addition of NAA 2 mg/l and BA 1 mg/l. The best somatic embryos formation was NAA 1 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l and shoot formation was 2,4-D 1 mg/l + K 1 mg/l treatments. The resulted shoots from endosperms are expected to be triploid plants.
Rudi Hilmanto	PERAN BAMBU BETUNG (Dendrocalamus asper) PADA KUALITAS PENGELOLAAN LAHAN	Bamboo has economic potency and the ecology so bamboo a lot of used by local community and also world. Objectives of this research verify role of bamboo betung (Dendrocalamus Asper) at land quality using method Ring rudihilmanto, but in this research is focussed only at land element influenced by bamboo betung especially at acidity (pH) and porosity. Method of Ring rudihilmanto constitute method of tree interaction and adaptation. This method depict environmental elements which can be influenced by population a tree species of phase its growth and development at ecosystem, that is: land, temperature, water, and the other organism. Result obtained by that role of bamboo of betung at ecosystem use method of Ring rudihilmanto had ability 14,29% improve alkalis soil and 12,55% to improve soil porosity. Role of bamboo betung (Dendrocalamus Asper) at land quality repair was different significant at 0,01 level.
Diah Irawati Dwi Arini	EKSPLORASI JENIS BURUNG DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI CAGAR ALAM GUNUNG AMBANG PROPINSI SULAWESI UTARA	A study on the exploration of bird diversity in Gunung Ambang Nature Reserve was performed to collect much information on the existence of the bird species especially the endemic bird species in Wallace bioregion. This research was done by using two methods, an irregular transect method and a method with mistnet installation to determine the bird morphological characteristics. The observation area was determined purposively. A total of 68 species has been recorded from this research and those were dominated by family Columbidae. From the total species found, it could be classified into 32 families and 28 species including the endemic bird species. Seven bird species have been obtained from the mistnet method and among them, four species were found as endemic species. They were Dark-eared Myza (Myza celebensis celebensis), Matinan Blue Flycatcher (Cyornis sanfordi), Speckled Boobook (Ninox punctulata) and Sulawesi Leaf-warbler (Phylloscopus sarasinorum nesophilus).
Gagad Restu Pratiwi	TANGGAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN GANDUM TERHADAP NAUNGAN	The aim of this research was to study the effects of shading intensity on growth of wheat. The research was designed with two factorials as a split plot. The first factor was the shading intensity and the second factor was the time of shading. In addition, there was one treatment of without shading. The obtained data were analyzed by using the variance analysis and for the significant analysis treatment was contrast orthogonal and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the level significant 5 %. The results showed that the shading treatment caused changes in micro environment around the crop. The 50 % shading increased the vegetative phase of crop. In addition, the increasing intensity of shading also decreased rate transpiration, the number of fertile tiller per hill, and the number of spikes per square meter.
Jumrawati	Efektifitas Inokulasi Rhizobium sp. terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai pada Tanah Jenuh Air	The effectiveness of Rhizobium sp. inoculation in several periodes of soil saturation on growth and yield of soybean were studied at green house experiment. This research was designed by using 2x6 faktorial treatment arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and two treatment i.e. without and with Rhizobium sp. inoculation. Ist factor was duration of soil saturation consisted of six treatments i.e. field capacity, water saturation for 5-10 days after planting (dap), 10-15 dap, 15-20 dap, 20-25 dap, and 25-30 dap. Several parameters including root nodule formation, activity of root nodul, growth and yield of soybean were observed. All data was analyzed by F-test and subjected to Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) analysis at 5 % level when the treatments showing significantly variations. The result showed that Rhizobium sp. inoculation increased the amount of root nodule and activity of root nodule in fixing atmospheric nitrogen.
Lena Novita	PENGARUH SUMBER KARBON DAN AERASI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DENITRIFIKASI ISOLAT BAKTERI ASLT2	Nitrate is considered as a pollutant in freshwater or estuarine ecosystem which caused eutrofication. Bacteria can be used to reduce nitrate by denitrification process. The aim of this research was to find out the influence of carbon sources and aeration on denitrification of isolated ASLT2 bacteria. The sources of carbon were acetate, succinate, glucose and glycerol under aerob and anaerob conditions. The denitrification process was measured at seventh day. Isolated ASLT2 bacteria was able to reduce nitrate aerobically and anaerobically in various of carbon sources. The highest activity of aerobic nitrate reduction was found by using acetate as carbon source and anaerobically was found by using succinate as carbon source.
Lusty Istiqomah	KEMAJUAN GENETIK SAPI LOKAL BERDASARKAN SELEKSI DAN PERKAWINAN TERPILIH	The objectives of this research were (1) to estimate the breeding value in order to study the genetic progress of local beef cattle (2) to study the effectiveness of breeding method through selection program and assortative mating. The research was conducted at Genetic and Animal Breeding Laboratory, Animal Husbandry Faculty of Bogor Agricultural University from January to March 2006. Data of birth weight from assortative mating between 5 sires and 50 dams have been collected during 2000 to 2005. The data were analyzed using B-Gen program. Selection method that was practiced in this population showed in line with selection method using breeding value criteria. An assessment of genetic progress indicated positive both in annual mean direct genetic trends and annual maternal trends for average birth weight. The average of inbreeding value from five generation was low (0.01%). It was concluded that genetic improvement through selection of growth traits and positive assortative mating was possible.
Nelly Puspandari, Kambang Sariadji, Melati Wati	IDENTIFIKASI PENYEBAB KEJADIAN LUAR BIASA KOLERA DI PAPUA TERKAIT KONTAK JENAZAH DAN SANITASI	Cholera outbreak in District Nabire and Paniai, Papua province in May to August in 2008 killed 105 people. The aim or the research was to describe the infection of cholera through human corpse and sanitation. Bacteriological examination was conducted on rectal swabs from diarrhea victims and theirs contacts and sources of water from three places. The samples were cultured, isolated, examined the serology test in the Bacteriology laboratory of the Center for Research and Pharmaceuticals Biomedical Agency, National Institute of Health and Research Development Jakarta. The results showed that the occurrence outbreak in Papua Province was caused by Ogawa, subtype of Vibrio cholera that also contaminated the water sources. The Culture of Papuan, hugging and kissing the human corpse made the evidence of cholerae worst.
Asep Mulyono	STUDI RELASI HIDRODINAMIKA SUNGAI CIWALEN DAN AIR TANAH MELALUI PENDEKATAN MODEL (Studi Kasus pada Aliran Sungai Ciwalen Kecamatan Garut Kota)	Ciwalen River flows pass of leather industry in Sukaregang area that is the one of the prominent industry in Garut region. The usage of chemicals in the leather tanning process resulted in toxic liquid waste released to Ciwalen River. Ciwalen River that’s containing contaminants would further contaminate the groundwater system along the Ciwalen River. The study of groundwater flow particularly hydrodynamic relation river and groundwater surrounding is required. Field and secondary data were utilized in this study. Groundwater flow and hydrodynamic relation river and groundwater analyses were carried out using Visual Modflow v3.1. software. The study results that’s hydrodynamic relationship between Ciwalen River and the groundwater system can be divided into 6 segments. Segment 1, 4 and 6 belong effluent type, while segment 2 is of influent type. Segment 3 and 5 located right of the river are effluent and those located in the left of the river are of influent type. River channel length of segment 1 are 0.95 Km, length of segment 2 are 0.62 Km, length of segment 3 are 0.88 Km, length of segment 4 are 0.21 Km, length of segment 5 are 0.63 Km and length of segment 6 are 1.18 Km. Influent type indicate causes a groundwater pollution because river that’s containing contaminants would further contaminate the groundwater system particularly at urban wells in surrounding segment.
Edi Hidayat	ANALISIS MORFOTEKTONIK SESAR LEMBANG, JAWA BARAT	The Lembang fault was located approximately 10 km to the north of Bandung City that crossed the Kecamatan Lembang City directe in east-west direction for 22 km length. The existence of this fault became very important because this fault crossed the densely-populated settlement and tourism area. Up to now, the level of the activity of this fault was still in matter of debate due to the insufficient of seismicity data and history resulted by the activation of this fault.One of the approaches to determine the level of the activity of the Lembang Fault is morphometry analysis. Paramater used to morphometry analysis comprise of ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf) and drainage basin asymmetry (AF). In addition to morphometry, sediment analysis sagpond also used to determine the fault activity. Result analysis of the two methods above, indicates that the Lembang an active fault with the movement down (normal fault).
Sri Mulyaningsih	PROSES ORGANIC ELECTROCOATING YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN	Organic electrocoating process is the plating process which is used organic material to be plate on the conductor materials. The process is almost the same whit other electroplating process, but they have several beneficial such as no hazardous content, the plating sequence more short than electroplating process, and possible to depositing clear or tinted polyurethane plating. The Organic electrocoating steps consist of surface treatment which is immersing the sample to the alkaline soak cleaner solution than acid mild dipping, continue to deionised rinse, organic electrocoating, deionised rinse, post dye and curing. The result of the experiment shows that the optimal Organic electrocoating process is held at voltage 35-40 V to give the best surface layer.
Yoppy, Waru Djuriatno, Suprapto	PEREKAM/PEMUTAR SUARA DIGITAL BERKAPASITAS BESAR UNTUK APLIKASI EMBEDDED SYSTEM	In embedded-system designs that involve just a small capacity voice-recorder, one may use EEPROM or voice-recorder IC. However, sometimes one needs a high capacity voice recorder also. In this case, EEPROM can’t fulfill the needs anymore because it’s hard to get EEPROM with capacity even at 512 kbyte. Meanwhile, the ISD® voice-recorder IC could store voice up to 16 minutes only. For this background, the writer proposes a high-capacity digital voice recorder which is able to record voice for several hours. It uses SD Card as the storage media.. With sampling rate at 8 kHz/8 bit and 512 MB SD Card, the recorder can store voice until 18 hours. The recorded voices are stored in WAV file format so that can be transfered from and to PC when needed
Atriyon Julzarika	TEKNIK PEMODELAN 3D CITRA SATELIT LAPAN TUBSAT DENGAN VIDEOGRAMMETRI (Studi Kasus: Gunung Semeru)	LAPAN TUBSAT imagery can be made in 3D model using Videogrammetry. These 3D model used stereo model concept, geodetic control network, and Kriging method. First, LAPAN TUBSAT imagery in the form of video was taken in two photo’s which have 60% overlay to create a stereo model. It needs to correct geometrically these two photo. After making 3D model, then geodetic control network that has been made can get ground control points from SRTM30. Kriging method that was resulted from geodetic control network was useful for making 3D model. 3D model needs statistical tests, they are display (athwart profile) and also geo-statistical. Its vertical accuracy was 5-9 m for SRTM30 with range 26-35 m. The research result concluded that LAPAN TUBSAT 3D model was created by Videogrammetry.
Dianovita	EVALUASI METODE PENAJAMAN CITRA MULTISPEKTRAL DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN KANAL PANKROMATIK	This paper studied three methods of pan-sharpenning of SPOT-4 image and evaluated the quality of the results. Three pan-sharpenning methods were applied to a scene of SPOT-4 image of K/J:287/364 acquiried on 25 July 2008 by using image processing software. Those three methods were IHS-RGB, Color Normalized (Brovey), and PCA (Principle Component Analysis). For IHS-RGB and Color Normalized (Brovey) methods the formulas written in Kartasasmita were used. These formula are practical to be used in image processing software and can be understood theoritically. Similarly for PCA (Principle Component Analysis) method on this research the values of the elements of eigenvectors, which are required for doing the transformation and inversion, are calculated before then they are used in a new more practical equation and can be inputted to image processing software. It was expected that three mathematic equations from those three methods can be implemented easily in other image processing softwares and used for other multispectral image sharpenning by panchromatic band. An assessment to test the pan-sharpenning processes quantitatively and qualitatively were conducted. A qualitative assessment had been conducted by visual interpretation of pansharpened image. Quantitative assessments of pan-sharpened image was showed by change of spectral value range of each spectral channel, measureof the slope detail of pansharpened image from several object detail and the spectral information similarity between original and pansharpened images by Q Index and Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are practical equations for PCA, IHS-RGB and Color Normalized (Brovey) Methods; pan-sharpened of SPOT-4 image; and quality assessment of pan-sharpened of SPOT-4 image.
Drajat Ngadmanto	PENENTUAN POTENSI GEMPABUMI MERUSAK BERDASARKAN PARAMETER KEGEMPAAN DI WILAYAH BUSUR BANDA	Banda arc has a high seismicity, therefore, it is necessary to reduce the earthquake risk. Earthquake parameters variation from Gutenberg - Richter relation, log n(M)=a – bM, has introduced the model of earthquakes prediction related to earthquake risk. Earthquake data from NEIC catalogue for a period of 1973 - 2009 has been used to analyze earthquake parameters variation (a-value, b-value) in the area of Banda arc within coordinates 1°-13° S and 120°-135° E. This research used ZMAP ver. 6.0. to analyze the earthquake data. The result of spatial analyze shows the areas of potential destructive earthquakes are surrounding of Flores, Alor and western part of Seram. The probability of earthquakes occurrence with the magnitude 6.5 RS in these areas is 7 – 15 years, whereas the magnitude 7 RS is about 20 – 60 years.
Indriyati	EFFECT OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STARCH-POLY VINYL ALCOHOL BLENDS	Telah dilakukan blending starch berkadar amilosa tinggi dengan polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hidrolisa parsial menggunakan metoda ekstrusi. Pemlastis yang digunakan adalah air. Hot press digunakan untuk membentuk hasil ekstrusi menjadi lembaran film. Film yang dihasilkan fleksibel dan transparan. Dari pengujian sifat mekaniknya, kelembapan relatif (RH) yang rendah memberikan sifat rapuh pada film. Sebaliknya, spesimen yang diletakkan dalam desikator pada RH 70% menunjukkan sifat ulet. Nilai maksimum dari kuat tarik (tensile strength) dan Modulus Young masing-masing adalah 43 MPa and 1100 MPa. Semua nilai maksimum ini didapat saat film dikondisikan pada RH 43%. Sementara penambahan konsentrasi PVA meningkatkan elongation-to-break sampel.
Jaka Rachmadetin	PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN POLISTIRENA TERHADAP SIFAT MEMBRAN SELULOSA ASETAT BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH TAHU	Soybean curd whey, which is discarded as a waste, can be used as starting material for the preparation of cellulose and cellulose acetate membrane. However, due to its poor mechanical properties, blending with polystyrene will strengthen to the membrane. Nata de soya was made by soybean curd whey then was dried to produce cellulose flake. Cellulose flake was reacted with acetylation reagent, acetic anhydride, and other solvents to produce cellulose acetat flake. It was then mixed with polystyrene to form blend of cellulose acetate:polysyrene membrane with 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20 in ratios. These membranes were characterized by water flux, rejection index, and tensile strength. The results showed that cellulose acetate produced had a water content of 4.3%, and acetyl degree of 43.26% (equal to substitution degree of 2.8-3.0). The highest water flux membrane was made of 80:20 (164.23 l/m2., the highest rejection index from 90:10 was 31.65%, and the highest tensile strength membrane was obtained from 80:20 (24.11 kgf). In conclusion that the addition of polystyrene could increase the water flux and tensile strength of membrane, but decrease the rejection index.
Rosi Ketrin Katarina	SYNTHESIS AND COMPARISON OF ADENINE, CYTOSINE, GUANINE RESINS FOR METALS COLLECTION	Beberapa resin baru menggunakan kitosan sebagai material dasar dengan adenine, cytosine, dan guanine sebagai pembentuk khelat telah dibuat untuk pemekatan runutan logam. Resin-resin tersebut yang ditempatkan di dalam mini kolom ternyata dapat menyerap ion perak secara selektif dan kuantitatif pada rentang pH yang lebar (pH 3-9). Dibandingkan dengan resin lainnya, guanine-type chitosan menunjukkan kemampuan yang terbaik untuk menyerap ion perak, bukan hanya dapat menyerap secara kuantitatif, tetapi juga dapat dengan mudah dielusi hanya dengan menggunakan 5 mL 2 M HNO3. Tetapi kapasitas penyerapan guanine-type chitosan adalah yang terendah dibandingkan dengan resin lainnya. Dengan demikian, guanine-type chitosan hanya dapat dipakai untuk pemekatan runutan ion perak dari sampel air alam.

Penulis : Agustinus Joko Nugroho, Ening Wiedosari, Harmi Andrianyta, I Wayan Budiastra, Lazarus Agus Sukamto,
Rudi Hilmanto, Diah Irawati Dwi Arini, Gagad Restu Pratiwi, Jumrawati, Lena Novita, Lusty Istiqomah, Nelly Puspandari, Kambang Sariadji, Melati Wati, Asep Mulyono,
Edi Hidayat, Sri Mulyaningsih, Yoppy, Waru Djuriatno, Suprapto, Atriyon Julzarika, Dianovita, Drajat Ngadmanto,
Indriyati, Jaka Rachmadetin, Rosi Ketrin Katarina
Dewan redaksi : Rochadi Abdulhadi, M Bashori Imron, Iroh Siti Zahroh, Elizabeth A Widjaja, Masno Ginting, Rusdi Muchtar, Gono Semiadi, Dwi Purwoko, Tarzan Sembiring, Soebandryo, Wahyu Suprihantoro, M Ahkam Subroto, Tri Muji Ermayanti, Pardamean Sebayang, Endang Tri Margawati, Aswatini, Sarwintyas Prahastuti, Dodi Rosadi, Siti Kania Kushadiani, Nanik Supriyanti, Junaedi Mulawardana
ISSN : 1411-7932
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

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Instrumentasi, Scinetific Publication, Volume 35 No. 1, January-June 2011

admin — Wed, 29 Feb 2012 04:30:35 +0000

Penulis	Artikel	Abstrak
Anto Tri Sugiarto	NON-THERMAL PLASMA REACTOR FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT	A new reactor system has been proposed by using non thermal plasma generated simultaneously in gas and liquid media. Non-thermal plasma was generated in gas phase, and the plasma was permeated into the water phase through a porous ceramic tube. It was found that the non-thermal plasma was generated in the gas phase, simultaneously the plasma channel was permeated through many small pores into the water phase accompanying by the gas bubbles. Decoloration effi ciency using porous ceramic tube reactor was shown that Chicago sky blue was effectively decolored with oxygen gas bubbling than the cases of argon gas and air.
Andrianto Handojo, Kharisma Abdillah, Endang Juliastuti Mustafa	WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING THE REFLECTION OF A LASER BEAM	We propose a simple level measurement principle using the refl ection of a laser beam. The setup advantageously requires no contact with water so that corrosion can be minimized, no moving parts so that wear can be prevented, and the measurement results may be readily read electronically. An experimental setup was built that comprised an array of 16 phototransistors to detect the location of the refl ected laser beam. The location was identifi ed using a microcontroller and from the geometry, the level could be concluded. The setup had a level measurement range of 154 mm, resolution 10.3 mm and a response speed of 12.9 mm/s. The measurement results agreed with the true water level; the difference was less than the resolution value.
Hadi Sardjono	ANALISIS KELAYAKAN SISTEM KALIBRASI DARI STANDAR NASIONAL TEGANGAN DC 10 V KE MULTIFUNGSI KALIBRATOR F-5720A SAMPAI DENGAN 1000 V MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGUKURAN RASIO PADA KETELITIAN SAMPAI DENGAN 0,8 μV	Analisis kelayakan Sistem kalibrasi VDC standar Nasional 10 V ke standar sekunder dengan 14 rentang nilai yang berbeda sampai dengan 1000 V telah dilakukan di laboratorium Metrologi Kelistrikan Puslit KIM–LIPI. Metode analisis ini memerlukan sebuah sistem pengukuran yang mampu membandingkan antara dua buah rentang tegangan yang saling berbeda maupun yang sama. Pada penelitian ini telah diketengahkan sebuah sistem pengukuran yang sangat teliti dengan menggunakan metode Rasio. Sistem pengukuran ini telah menghasilkan sebuah karakteristik ketelitian yang optimum khususnya untuk Multifungsi Kalibrator F-5720A pada rentang sampai dengan 1000 V dengan ketelitian mencapai 0,8 μV.
Rudi Anggoro Samodro, Gigin Ginanjar	PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM KALIBRASI DEAD WEIGHT TESTER MENGGUNAKAN REFERENCE PRESSURE MONITOR	Dead Weight Tester (DWT) merupakan standar tertinggi untuk pengukuran tekanan. Pada umumnya, DWT dikalibrasi dengan metode cross-fl oat menggunakan DWT yang mempunyai akurasi yang lebih tinggi. Dilakukan perancangan dan implementasi sistem kalibrasi dengan menggunakan reference pressure monitor (RPM) untuk mengukur secara bergantian tekanan dari kedua DWT sehingga dengan mudah dilakukan penyeimbangan tekanannya apabila terdapat perbedaan tekanan yang terbaca oleh RPM. Dua DWT tes dengan rentang 350 kPa dan 7 MPa dikalibrasi terhadap DWT standar untuk menguji metode ini. RPM yang digunakan memiliki rentang ukur 7 MPa dan mempunyai resolusi terkecil 1 Pa. Didapatkan hasil kalibrasi DWT dalam bentuk P to P atau pressure to pressure, antara tekanan nominal DWT tes terhadap tekanan terkalibrasi dari DWT standar berikut juga nilai ketidakpastiannya. Hasil kalibrasi DWT dengan menggunakan RPM kemudian dibandingkan dengan hasil kalibrasi dengan metode cross-fl oat untuk melakukan verifi kasi. Didapatkan bahwa U(RPM) sedikit lebih besar dari U(Cross-fl oat). Diukur berdasarkan parameter En terhadap parameter luasan efektifnya, didapatkan En<1. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode ini dapat digunakan untuk melakukan kalibrasi DWT bilamana kepresisian yang tinggi tidak terlalu dibutuhkan.
Yunus Tjandi, H. Muddassir, Nadjamuddin Harun	RANCANGAN RELAY PENGAMAN MOTOR INDUKSI BERBASIS FUZZY LOGIC	Telah dibuat perangkat relay-pengaman untuk menyelamatkan motor-motor induksi 3-fase dari kerusakan fatal akibat gangguan acak ketidakseimbangan tegangan dalam jaringan listrik 3-fase yang memanfaatkan pengendali mikro tipe “AVR AT Mega 32” berbasis pengendali logika samar. Berbeda dengan relay-pengaman (motor-motor listrik 3-fase) konvensional yang digunakan dalam industri selama ini hanya dapat mendeteksi gangguan tegangan kurang dan tegangan lebih saja, maka relay-pengaman pada penelitian ini dirancang untuk dapat mendeteksi gangguangangguan acak berupa tegangan kurang, tegangan lebih, ketidakseimbangan tegangan, tegangan hilang satu fase yang terjadi secara acak, dan pengaruh temperatur pada belitan motor sebagai kelengkapan. Relay-pengaman ini dilengkapi pula dengan fasilitas reset dan setting masing-masing untuk menampilkan posisi awal relay-pengaman dan batas-batas variabel-variabel tegangan kurang, tegangan lebih, dan batas atas temperatur yang diinginkan melalui kunci-kunci (tombol) pada key-pad. Dengan demikian, motor-motor induksi tiga fase tersebut aman dari kerusakan fatal yang disebabkan oleh gangguan dan masalah ketidakseimbangan tegangan tiga fase yang (selalu) terjadi secara acak. Analisis data hasil simulasi dan pengujian laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras relay-pengaman yang dirancang bekerja dan berfungsi sesuai yang diharapkan dari awal.
Boedi Soesatyo	STANDAR FILTER UNTUK KALIBRASI FOTOMETER SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KADAR CHLORINE PADA AIR DALAM KEMASAN	Fotometer sebagai alat ukur kadar chlorine pada air dalam kemasan, dalam penggunaannya perlu dilakukan kalibrasi. Kalibrasi dari pabrikan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan Reference Standard Kit Chlorine dari 0 Cl2, 1 mg/l Cl2, dan 4 mg/l Cl2 yang harus dibeli secara terpisah dari alat ukurnya. Di laboratorium metrologi dalam bidang radio fotometri telah dilakukan percobaan kalibrasi alat PC checkit dengan standar fi lter transmisi. Nilai transmisi dari fi lter pada panjang gelombang 528 nm sesuai dengan alat, ditentukan menggunakan monokromator dengan sumber cahaya lampu halogen dan untuk mengetahui pola dari sistem pengukuran alat dicoba juga terhadap Reference Standard Kit. Absorbansi hasil transmisi Standar Filter dan Reference Standard Kit kemudian dihitung. Dari hasil percobaan kalibrasi pada alat PC Checkit bahwa yang ditunjukkan alat adalah perkalian dari absorbansinya, untuk Reference Standard Kit adalah dua kali absorbansi, sedangkan untuk Standar Filter adalah empat kali absorbansi.
Santoso Prajitno Sugondo	SISTEM MEKANIK TRANSLASI LINIER PERGESERAN CERMIN DENGAN PENGGERAK MOTOR STEPPER 2 FASE UNTUK INTERFEROMETER MICHELSON	Suatu prototipe sistem penggerak mekanik linier yang digerakkan oleh motor fase telah dibuat untuk digunakan dalam pergerakan cermin pada interferometer Michelson. Sistem penggerak linier mekanik yang digerakkan oleh motor stepper yang gerakannya diprogram dan dikendalikan melalui mikrokontroler Atmel 8535 yang dikoneksikan lewat komunikasi serial RS 232 ke komputer. Pada penelitian ini suatu rangkaian digital dengan 2 JK fl ip-fl op dan gerbang NAND untuk mendeteksi arah gerak frinji juga dirakit. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perangkat mekanik bersama dengan rangkaian elektronik dan motor stepper dengan sudut step 7,5o telah mampu menggerakkan cermin bergerak dengan resolusi sebesar 20 μm dan 10 μm berurutan untuk full step mode dan Half step mode.

Penulis : Anto Tri Sugiarto, Andrianto Handojo, Kharisma Abdillah, Endang Juliastuti Mustafa, Hadi Sardjono, Rudi Anggoro Samodro, Gigin Ginanjar, Yunus Tjandi, H. Muddassir, Nadjamuddin Harun, Boedi Soesatyo, Santoso Prajitno Sugondo

Dewan redaksi : S Farid Ruskanda, HA Tjokronegoro, Sunarto Gunadi, Jimmy Pusaka, A Harris Yadda, Boedi Soesatijo, Andrianto Handojo, Benyamin Soenarko, Hermawan K Dipojono, Yul Y Nazarudin, Sekartedjo, Wahidin Wahab, Purwadaria, Marga Alisjahbana, Kreshna Amurwabumi, Fatimah Z Padmadinata, Santosa Prajitna, Husein A Akil, A Harimawan, Dede Erawan, Dini Andiani, Mego Pinandito, Agustinus Praba, Aditya Ahmadi, Agus Prihartono, Asep Hapidin, Bernadus Herdi, Denny Hermawan, Gigin Ginanjar, Helmi Zaini, Maharani Ratna Palupi, Rudi Anggoro, Veny Luvita, Sri Wahyuningsih, M Haekal Habibi, Yuniar Restuwati, Sarwintyas Prahastuti, Muhammad Fadly Suhendra, Junaedi Mulawardana

ISSN : 0125-9202
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

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RIEBS, Review of Indonesian Economic and Business Studies, Vol.2 No. 1, June 2011

admin — Wed, 29 Feb 2012 03:53:30 +0000

Penulis	Artikel	Abstrak
Maxensius Tri Sambodo, Tatsuo Oyama	INVESTIGATING ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN INDONESIA: TIME SERIES ANALYSIS 1971 TO 2007	This paper has two objectives. The fi rst is to re-investigate the relations between economic growth and energy consumption in Indonesia. The second is to analyse the consistency between several econometric techniques in explaining the causality test. This paper is different from previous studies in fi ve ways. First, we expanded the time period of analysis. Second, we applied Bayesian techniques to obtain the third variable for trivariate analysis. Third, we applied bivariate and trivariate causality analysis. Fourth, we conducted the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) fi lter technique and applied the causality test on the cyclical components. Finally, we conducted variance decomposition analysis. Although the Bayesian analysis showed that energy consumption is a good explanatory variable for economic growth, and vice versa, we did not fi nd any short-run and long-run relations in the cases of bivariate and trivariate analysis. Variance decomposition analysis also supported no causal relation, even after we changed the Cholesky order. By applying the HP fi lter, the results also supported the neutrality hypothesis between energy consumption and economic growth. The results of our study imply that the Indonesian government needs to implement energy effi ciency programs more broadly in all economic sectors.
Siwage Dharma Negara	DETERMINANTS OF FRAGMENTATION IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF THE ELECTRONICS AND TEXTILE INDUSTRIES IN INDONESIA	In recent years, electronics and textiles industries have faced intense competitive challenges in the domestic and international markets. These two industries have to cut their costs of production to remain competitive with similar industries in other countries that have lower costs of production, especially China. This paper examines the determinants of the fragmentation of Indonesia’s manufacturing industries to countries with low labour costs, especially Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam (CLMV). Results from a small-scale survey show that profi t is the key factor for fi rms relocating to the CLMV countries. Vietnam is perceived to be a better prospective destination for fragmentation because of its relatively strong investment incentives, infrastructure and access to markets. In contrast, CLM countries were perceived to be less attractive compared with Vietnam because of their relatively less favourable business climate. For fragmentation to CLM countries to be worthwhile, that is, for fi rms to operate effi ciently, these countries need to provide better infrastructure, better investment incentives and a more competitive business climate.
Agni Alam Awirya, Jagat Prirayani, Luhur Fajar Martha, Victor Arya Bekti	THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF KEY POTENTIAL AREA IN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT, MALUKU	The authority of local governments to promote economic development in their own regions was expected to take place more quickly after implementation of policies promoting decentralisation and regional autonomy. Economic development needs effective strategies and allocation of resources in the potential economic areas selected as growth centres. This research was conducted in Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, one of kabupaten in the Maluku Archipelago, East Indonesia. The goal of this research was to assist local governments to design their economic development strategies by selecting areas that showed potential for staging a growth centre pilot project. The criteria used to select the growth centre in this study were competitive commodities, infrastructure, quality of human resources and strategic location. The data analysis techniques used in this study were location quotient shift, location quotient share and the analysis hierarchy process, which involved using three different groups: academicians, entrepreneurs and government offi cials. The results showed that Kecamatan Kairatu and Kecamatan Seram Barat had potential as growth areas and could serve as regional pilot project areas. Furthermore, the results also showed that the infrastructure development must be managed by local governments in both regions and priority (from highest to lowest) given to the provision of educational facilities, construction of highways, construction of health facilities, provision of electricity and clean water.
Agus Syarip Hidayat and Teddy Lesmana	THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC RICE FARMING IN INDONESIA	This study focuses on the discussion about the model in promoting organic farming in Indonesia. Organic farming is urgently needed in Indonesia to achieve better food security, food safety, environmental sustainability and poverty alleviation. There is much evidence that organic farming gives higher productivity than conventional farming. At the same time, factor productivity of conventional farming tends to decrease continuously. This study proposes two stages in developing organic farming; a small scale model in the short run and large scale model in the long run. Learning from experience, this study suggests promoting organic farming with a system of rice intensifi cation to get higher yield harvests.
Umi Karomah Yaumidin	ASSESSING THE ROLE OF ZAKAT FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN INDONESIA	This paper analyzes, the role of zakat as an effective program to eradicate poverty. First, this paper examines the conventional approach to dealing with poverty, in particular it analyses the role of economic growth in relation to poverty and inequality. Then there is an analysis of the role and scope of zakat in dealing with the problem of poverty. Given the pervasiveness of poverty in Muslim countries, it is important to investigate how the institution of zakat can be used in contemporary times to alleviate poverty. The result of this study shows that although Indonesia began tackling poverty in the 1970s, its achievements in poverty reduction have been inadequate. This study also found that Indonesia still has serious problems in reducing poverty although the role and management of zakat in Indonesia is essentially successful in terms of the capability of zakat institutions to create pragmatic variations in zakat utilisation.

Penulis : Maxensius Tri Sambodo, Tatsuo Oyama, Siwage Dharma Negara, Agni Alam Awirya, Jagat Prirayani, Luhur Fajar Martha, Victor Arya Bekti, Agus Syarip Hidayat, Teddy Lesmana, Umi Karomah Yaumidin

Dewan redaksi : Zamroni Salim, Agus Eko Nugroho, Jusmaliani, Siwage Dharma Negara, Hanny Nasution, Thee Kian Wie, Darwin, J Soedradjad Djiwandono, Philip Anthony O’Hara, Thomas Lindblad, Ragayah Haji MatZin, Shigeru Otsubo, Eric D Ramstetter, Yuri Sato, Howard Dick, Robin Anderton Brown, Mutiara Sinaga, Prapti Sasiwi, Muhammad Fadly Suhendra, Sarwendah Puspita Dewi, Susilo Hariyanti
ISSN : 2087-1392
Tahun Penerbitan : 2012
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

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Teknologi Indonesia, Volume 34, No. 2, 2011

admin — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:54:03 +0000

Penulis	Artikel	Abstrak
Hanif Fakhrurroja dan Aris Munandar	PERANCANGAN E-CALIBRATION ORDER UNTUK LAYANAN JASA KALIBRASI DI UPT BPI LIPI	Di era persaingan global yang semakin kompetitif, sebuah lembaga riset memerlukan suatu terobosan baru untuk memasarkan hasil-hasil penelitian secara cepat, tepat, murah, dan tidak terbatas oleh ruang dan waktu sehingga hasil-hasil penelitian dapat diketahui dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan perancangan aplikasi e-commerce berbasis web untuk melayani jasa kalibrasi secara online yang dinamakan e-Calibration Order. Metodologi perancangan aplikasi ini menggunakan Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Tahapan-tahapannya, yaitu analisis kebutuhan sistem, perancangan Context Diagram, perancangan DFD, dan perancangan tampilan back offi ce dan front offi ce aplikasi e-Calibration Order. Hasil dari perancangan ini adalah konsep layanan jasa kalibrasi secara online, rancangan DFD, dan prototipe aplikasi e-Calibration Order
Muljadi, Masno Ginting, P. Sebayang, Priyo Sardjono	PENGARUH MOLE RATIO BaO: Fe2O3 TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN STRUKTUR KRISTAL DARI MAGNET PERMANEN BaO.6Fe2O3	Telah dilakukan pembuatan magnet permanen BaO.6Fe2O3 dari bahan baku BaCl2 dan FeCl3 dengan variasi komposisi (mole ratio, n = BaO: Fe2O3 = 1: 6,2; 1: 6,0; dan 1: 5,8) melalui metode koopresipitasi dan proses sintering. Preparasi serbuk dilakukan dengan mencampur kedua bahan baku tersebut dengan aquades, diaduk menggunakan magnetic stirrer hingga larut sempurna. Larutan amonia ditambahkan sebanyak (1: 1) secara perlahan-lahan hingga larutan mencapai pH sekitar 8 dan terbentuknya endapan. Kemudian endapan tersebut disaring dan dikeringkan di dalam oven pada suhu 100oC selama 12 jam. Selanjutnya, serbuk yang telah kering dikalsinasi pada suhu 850oC selama 2 jam, dan dihaluskan dengan menggunakan mortar hingga lolos ayakan 400 mesh. Sebanyak 2% berat bahan perekat Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) ditambahkan ke dalam serbuk dan kemudian dicetak kering dengan tekanan 3 ton. Dimensi sampel adalah berdiameter 22 mm dan tebal 6 mm. Proses pembakaran dilakukan menggunakan tungku listrik dengan suhu: 900,950, 1000, 1050, dan 1100OC, masing-masing pada suhu tersebut ditahan selama 2 jam. Sampel yang telah disinter kemudian dikarakterisasi sifat fi sisnya (densitas dan porositas), dianalisis struktur kristalnya dengan difraksi sinar X (XRD), sebagian sampel dimagnetisasi dan diukur histerisisnya. Dari hasil pengukuran densitas dan porositas menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum dicapai pada suhu sintering 1050oC dengan mole ratio n = BaO: Fe2O3 = 1: 6,2. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh densitas = 4,34 g/cm3, porositas = 3,31%, dan seluruh fase yang terbentuk adalah BaO.6Fe2O3. Hasil pengukuran sifat magnet menunjukkan bahwa untuk sampel n = BaO: Fe2O3 = 1: 6,2 memiliki Hr = 3650 Gauss, dan Hc = 600 kA/m.
Nurdin Bukit	SIFAT MEKANIK DAN MIKROSTRUKTUR DARI CAMPURAN RESIPRENE 35 DAN HIGH DENSITY POLYETHILENE	Telah dilakukan penelitian sifat mekanik (kekuatan tarik, kekuatan lentur) dan morfologi dari bahan campuran karet alam resiprene-35 produksi PTPN III Industri Karet Nusantara Sei Banban Sumatra Utara dan bahan termoplastik jenis HDPE. Metode pencampuran yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua cara, pertama resiprene-35 dilarutkan dengan toluene, kedua resiprene dihaluskan dengan ukuran 100 mesh. Kedua metode dicampur dengan HDPE dengan komposisi (10:90)wt%, (15:85)wt%, dan (20:80)wt%. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh sifat mekanik (kekuatan tarik, kekuatan lentur) yang lebih baik terdapat pada pencampuran HDPE dengan resiprene-35 yang dilarutkan dengan toluene dibandingkan dengan campuran HDPE dan resiprene-35 berukuran 100 mesh, komposisi terbaik diperoleh pada komposisi (15:85)%wt. Demikian juga hasil analisis morfologi pada proses pencampuran HDPE dan resiprene-35 yang dilarutkan toluene distribusi partikelnya lebih homogen dibanding dengan resiprene-35 berukuran 100 mesh.
Natalita M. Nursam, Lia Muliani, dan Jojo Hidayat	ANALISIS PENGARUH UKURAN FOTOAKTIF TIO2 DAN ENKAPSULASI PADA SEL SURYA JENIS DYE-SENSITIZED UNTUK KONVERSI ENERGI MATAHARI	Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dimensi lapisan fotoaktif TiO2 terhadap parameter elektrik sel surya jenis dye-sensitized (DSSC). Selain itu, juga dilakukan analisis terhadap pemilihan material enkapsulasi yang berupa glass frit untuk memonitor kestabilan jangka panjang sel surya DSSC tersebut. Kedua faktor tersebut merupakan fokus utama penelitian ini karena terkait erat dengan desain maupun fabrikasi modul surya DSSC untuk tujuan komersialisasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sampel dengan luas total area fotoaktif berukuran 2x2 cm2 menghasilkan arus keluaran yang paling tinggi (dengan kerapatan 3.45 mA/cm2) dibanding sampel lain yang berukuran lebih kecil. Akan tetapi, data pengukuran jangka panjang menunjukkan bahwa fi ll factor sampel berukuran 2x2 cm2 tersebut lebih cenderung terdegradasi oleh waktu dibanding sampel lainnya. Sementara itu, data hasil pengukuran karakteristik I-V secara berkala juga mengindikasikan bahwa glass frit merupakan material cukup sesuai untuk diaplikasikan sebagai sealer pada enkapsulasi DSSC sehingga merupakan kandidat material yang cukup menjanjikan untuk diaplikasikan pada modul surya DSSC.
Ekoputra Agung P., Dewi Nilawati, dan T. Sembiring	PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK PERTANIAN SECARA ANAEROB DENGAN DIGESTER SISTEM DUA FASE	Limbah organik pertanian umumnya memiliki nilai COD yang tinggi, sulit diurai secara aerobik sehingga lebih efektif diurai secara anaerob. Proses pencernaan anaerob memerlukan kondisi tertentu, dan sangat tergantung pada faktor lingkungan, menyangkut C/N ratio, suhu, keasaman (pH) dan macam atau tipe digester. Digester fase tunggal, seperti pada umumnya, menggabungkan proses penguraian limbah dengan produksi biogas ke dalam satu reaktor. Digester dua fase pada dasarnya memisahkan proses awal pengolahan anaerob yang meliputi hidrolisis dan acidogenesis, dan proses pembentukan biogas (metanaogenesis) ke dalam dua reaktor yang berbeda. Digester fase tunggal umumnya menghasilkan biogas dengan kandungan metana 45–60% atau setara dengan 1.000 British Termal Unit (BTU) atau 252 Kcal/0.028 m3. Indonesia memiliki limbah organik pertanian yang sangat besar, dengan demikian biogas dapat digunakan secara maksimal sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Dalam eksperimen ini, ingin diketahui seberapa efektifnya reaktor anaerob sistem dua fase, mengolah limbah organik pertanian. Hasil dari eksperimen ini diketahui sistem dua fase dapat mengolah dan menguraikan 90% beban pencemaran organik (COD), masing-masing 32% pada reaktor fase satu dan 58% pada reaktor fase dua. Biogas total yang dihasilkan sebanyak 1.100 liter selama dua bulan percobaan.
Rudi Subagja	PEMISAHAN ION KOBAL DARI LARUTAN NIKEL KLORIDA DENGAN CARA SOLVENT EKSTRAKSI	Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan percobaan untuk memisahkan ion kobal dari larutan nikel klorida yang mengandung ion kobal dengan cara solvent ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut organik Tri Normal Oktil Amin (TNOA). Percobaan dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium, dengan cara mencampurkan larutan nikel klorida yang mengandung ion kobal dengan TNOA dalam labu pemisah. Campuran larutan kemudian dikocok untuk periode waktu tertentu. Setelah itu TNOA dipisahkan dari larutan nikel klorida dengan cara dekantasi. Kandungan ion nikel dan kobal yang terdapat dalam larutan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan “Atomic absorption spectrophotometry” (AAS). Variable percobaan yang diamati meliputi waktu pengocokan dari 30 menit sampai dengan 120 menit, pH larutan dari 2 sampai dengan 4, kecepatan pengocokan dari 20 putaran per menit (rpm) sampai dengan 80 rpm serta perbandingan volume larutan nikel klorida yang mengandung ion kobal terhadap TNOA (A/O) dari 1 sampai dengan 4. Variabel percobaan tersebut diamati pengaruhnya terhadap persen ekstraksi kobal dari larutan nikel klorida oleh TNOA. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan 98,35% kobal dapat diekstrak oleh TNOA dari larutan nikel klorida pada temperatur kamar, perbandingan A/O sama dengan 1, pH larutan sama dengan 3, kecepatan pengocokan 60 rpm, dan waktu pengocokan 30 menit.
Arieyanti Dwi Astuti, Jatmiko Wahyudi, Wiharyanto Oktiawan, dan Mochtar Hadiwidodo	PENGGUNAAN ABU SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LIMBAH LOGAM TEMBAGA (CU2+)	Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi pencemaran lingkungan akibat adanya limbah yang mengandung tembaga adalah dengan proses adsorpsi. Sekam padi dapat diproses menjadi abu yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan konsentrasi tembaga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan abu sekam padi pada proses adsorpsi Cu(II). Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinetika dan isoterm adsorpsi yang cocok digunakan. Penelitian dilakukan secara batch dengan mereaksikan adsorben dengan larutan CuSO4.5H2O. Massa adsorben divariasikan 10 gram, 20 gram, dan 30 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan konsentrasi Cu(II) terbesar 87,8% terjadi pada perlakuan dengan menggunakan adsorben 30 gram. Persamaan isoterm adsorpsi yang cocok digunakan, yaitu model Freundlich. Persamaan kinetika adsorpsi cenderung menggunakan kinetika adsorpsi orde dua semu
Ridwan Arief Subekti	ANALISIS COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) PADA BERBAGAI PEMODELAN CASING TURBIN AIR TIPE PROPELLER	Sebelum membuat prototipe mesin fl uida seperti turbin air, analisis Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dilakukan terhadap model mesin tersebut. Analisis tersebut dilakukan terhadap beberapa model casing turbin air tipe propeller. Casing turbin yang dianalisis berbentuk elbow dengan sudut α = 20°, 30°, 45°, dan 60°. Tujuan analisis ini adalah mengetahui performa, efi siensi, dan karakteristik fl uida yang mengalir di dalam casing turbin sehingga kita dapat menentukan bentuk casing yang terbaik. Dari hasil analisis CFD diketahui bahwa penurunan tekanan terkecil terjadi pada casing turbin berbentuk elbow dengan sudut α = 20° yang memiliki efi siensi 98,93%. Penurunan tekanan terbesar terjadi pada casing turbin berbentuk elbow dengan sudut α = 45° yang memiliki efi siensi 98,34%.

Penulis : Hanif Fakhrurroja, Aris Munandar, Muljadi, Masno Ginting, P Sebayang, Priyo Sardjono, Nurdin Bukit, Natalita M Nursam, Lia Nilawati, Ekoputra Agung P., Dewi Nilawati, T Sembiring, Rudi Subagja, Arieyanti Dwi Astuti, Jatmiko Wahyudi, Wiharyanto Oktiawan, Mochtar Hadiwidodo, Ridwan Arief Subekti

Dewan redaksi : Tarzan sembiring, Moch Ichwan, Dyah Hardini, Goib Wiranto, Adiseno, Tigor Nauli, Elan Djaelani, Linar Z Udin, Adrin Tohari, Fauzan A, Fatimah ZS Padmadinata, Masno Ginting, Rudi Subagja, Sarwintyas Prahastuti, Siti Kania Kushadiani, Nanik Supriyanti, Euis, Junaedi Mulawardana
ISSN : 0126-1533
Tahun Penerbitan : 2011
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS

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Politik Ekologi Pengelolaan Taman Nasional Era Otda

admin — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 06:45:58 +0000

Buku Politik Ekologi: Pengelolaan Taman Nasional dalam Era Otda adalah produk hasil penelitian lapangan yang signifikan, karena dapat mewawancarai mengenai isu konservasi hutan dan biodiversity serta pemberdayaan ekonomi dan sosial berbagai stakeholders yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan taman nasional, baik dari pemerintah pusat (Kementerian Kehutanan), dukungan pemerintah daerah, Balai Taman Nasional (daerah), akademisi, Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) baik domestik dan luar negeri, dan masyarakat lokal. Untuk itu, buku ini menarik untuk dibaca bagi siapa saja yang ingin mengetahui lebih jauh tentang taman nasional dari perspektif yang berbeda, dari beberapa buku atau tulisan yang pernah dibuat selama ini.

Ir. Herman Prayudi, M.Sc.
Koordinator Bidang Hutan Alam dan Hutan
Tanaman APHI, Jakarta

Penulis : Herman Hidayat, John Haba, Robert Siburian
Editor : Herman Hidayat
ISBN : 978-979-461-792-2
No. Klasifikasi : 581.7
Subyek Klasifikasi : 1. Ekologi. 2. Taman
Kolasi : viii+306hlm; 17,5x25cm
Tahun Penerbitan : 2011
Penerbit : LIPI PRESS